Phonograph



Apr. 10; 1923. 1,451,358

J. F. BERGANDER PHONOGRAPH Filed Nov. 29; 1920 5 sheets-sheep 1 Apr. 10, 1923.

J. F. BERGANDER PHONOGRIYSPH Filed Nov. 29, 1920 5 sheets-sheet 2 6%h Z'fiergmakr Apr. 10, 1923.

J. F. BERGAN DER PHONOGRAPH Filed Nov. 29, 1920 s sheets-sheet 5 I mm jifizvymaffr Patented Apr. 19523.

ins niv JOHN r.v Bnjaennnnn,. or CHICAGO, rnnrnors.

. H NQ ArH- Application filedNovember 29, 1520. s rieim. 421018;"

To all wiwmz'zfi may concern: I i V Beit known that 1, JOHN F. BnRG iiNnnn citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, "in' the county of Cook and State of" Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Phonographs, "of i which thefollowmg' 1s a full, clear, concise', and exact description.

My nvention relates to phonographs and has for itsobj'ect the provision of improved "mechanism whereby a phonograph may be started to cause the reproduction of'a record and will be stopped at the conclusion of the record.

The phonograph starting and stopping mechanism of my invention is so" arranged that whenthe tone arm is swunginward manually to a position where the stylus coincides with the termination "of the record such mechanism will be so adjusted that when the tone arm is again brought to this inward position by t-he record being played, the phonograph will be stopped. Movement of thetone-arm is deresult preferably occurs fupon' the'inward sirably also effective to'set the record supporting turn table into ;operation. This manually effected record measuringfmovement of thetone arm and in the "initial part of this movement'so'that the turn table may be started into operationbefore-the stylus "has been manually moved to the termination of even the shortest record. After the tone arm has been swung inwardly manually'first to start the record and finally to place the stylus at the end of the-record, said tone arm is moved outwardly and the stylus whereupon the recordthereon is placed in the beginning of the record groove whereafter the record itself carries the stylus .to the end of the record stopped.

- I willexplain my invention more fully by reference to theaccompanying drawings showing the preferred embodiment thereof; and in which Fig. 1 is a'plan view-of a suificient portion of a phonograph to illu's trate the adaptation of my inventionthereto this figure showing parts, 1n the. relative positions that they would occupy when afresh record is placed in position and be fore the tone arm isinwardly moved m'anually to set the record supporting turntable into rotation and ultimately to bring the stylus to the record concluding position to adjust the brake or stopping mechanism so :of Fig. 1; Fig. '9 is. a sectional View .on

is I automatically that the turn tablewill be stopped when'the record againlbrlngs the stylus to its record concluding position; ig. *2 is a view similarto F ig. 1 but showing the tone arm manually moved inwardlyto bring the stylusthereonto' record concluding position, the

record supporting Q urn table having been startedu'pon the inlti'a'l portion of this ma1i-- arm; Fig; S-shows .theposition of certain 'ually eife'cted inward movement of the tone of the parts when thetonearm is moved outwardlyfollowing its inward manually eflected" record measuring and starting beginning of the record; 'Fig'f l shows the position of the i parts of the mechanism whentherecord has rought the tone arm to'frec movement to engage the stylus with} the cord concluding positionfFig. 5 is a per- 3; Fig; 8.is,a 'sectional view on line 8+8 line 9-9 of Fig. '1;

and Fig; 10 is ai sectio'nal view on line Like parts are indicatedby similar'c-harfigures. I

My nvention s acters of reference throughout thegdiiferent' that partiallyillustrated at 1 and adapted to support idisc records such tially illustrated at 2. 'The tone" arm 3 may be ofanyform, either that which" is" adaptable to any ofj phonograph employing aturn table such'as as that. parcommonly found upon the "market or that ence to'the device of my-invention.

A sound box l'is at'the free endof the tone arm which" trails upon the record,'this which may be designed with peculiar retersound b0 carrying, the usual stylus 5"that.

engages the record grooves which", whenthe phonograph is in operation; cause gradual movement of the tone arm from the periph-- 'eral portionof-the record disc' where the record commences to the innermost and concluding portion of the record.

' As is'understood, the discre'cords are provided with central openings through which the turn table spindle 6 ispassed to centerthe recordrdiscs. 'VVhen a disk is' being P aced in position upon the turn tablethe tone arm is usually swung clear of the turn table as illustrated in Fig. 1, table being,- I! i stopped. After the record disc has been placed in position the tone arm is manually moved to bring the stylus 5 either at or inwardly beyond the concluding portion of stylus 5 to the concluding portion. of the record, the tone arm having been outwardly adjusted, after its inner manual movement, and thestylus on the tone arm having been engaged with the initial portion of the rec- 0rd grooves. In accordance with my invention, the brake is automatically released preferably on the inward manually effected adjustment. of the tone arm by mechanism to be described. The release of the brake is effected after the tone arm has been moved inwardly only slightly, so that the tone arm may thereattervbe moved inwardly even in connection with the shortest record, to time the record effected application or" the brake.

In moving the tone arm from its idle position shown in Fig. 1 to the record measuri position illustrated in Fig. 2, the pin 7, that is in. fixed relation to the tone arm, ultimately engages one branch 8 of a fork and subsequently enters the space between this fork branch and the .complemental fork branch 9. The engagement of the pin T with the fork branch 8 causes the turning movement of the bell crank lever 10, carrying the y fork, upon its fixed fulcrum 10. no arm of bell crank lever 10 carries a branch 1.1 that carries a pawl 12 engageable with an extension 13- of an intermediately pivoted lever 14 that carries a brake pad 15 engageable with the rim or skirt of the turn table. The lever 1a may alsooperate anopenii and closing switch 16 included in the circuit of an electric'motor, it one be employed to drive the turn table-instead of a spring motor. In the initial part of the inward manually effected record measuring movement of the tone arm, the lever 14:: is turned counterclockwise by the pawl 12 to release the brake and close the switch against the force of the spring 17 A gravity dog 18 then drops into engagement with the lever 14: that held it up to take part in holding the brake in released position until it is appliedwhen the tone arm is brought to record concluding position by the record. The motor switch is then also placed and held in closed position. A pawl '19 is pivoted at 20 upon the end. of the other arm of bell crank lever 10. ihe tail 21 of the pawl moves between the legs of aguide' 22 and is shaped so as to co-operate with ,the pawltail to limit the nose 23 of the pawl to fresh actuating engagement with the tooth upon the ratchet wheel 2i that immediately succeeds the tooth of thisratchet wheel that was last engaged by the pawl. The function of the guide '22 is sup- 7 gaged by lowing the measurement and starting of the record and preparatory to placing the stylus in the beginning of the record groove and with another 'l'resh ratchet tooth following the playing or" a record preparatory toplaying the record again or anew record. A long ratchet tooth is operatively enthe pawl nose 23 each time the tone arm is moved sufficiently outward following the playing of a record. A short ratchet tooth 26 1S operatively engaged by the pawl nose 23 each time the tone arm is moved suiiiciently outward following the inward record measuring and starting more.

ment of the tone arm, the teeth 25 and 26 being alternated. The pawl tail 2i and its guide 22 are so relatively formed that the movement of the pawl will be fully si'i tl 'icient to position the pawl to engage a new sue ceeding ratchet tooth before the tone arm is manually moved inward the minimum distance corresponding to a shortest record, the guide structure 22, operatin in conjunction with the pawl tail 21, so donning the shape and location of the orbit ot the pawl nose as to prevent this nosetrom engaging any but the next succeeding ratchet tooth.

The tone. arm is p the inner position thereof (Fig. 2) outwardly beyond and thence back to the position illustrated inFig. 1, and'when the tone arm has about reached the position shown in Fig l in the return or inward portion of this movement the pawl nose 23 engages the fresh ratchet tooth due to the movement of the bellcrank l0 and the co-operation of the During the outward movement of the tone manually moved troni arm but before this outward movement is completed the pin '7 moving therewith turns the bell crank 10 clockwise to cause the pawl 19 to, move the ratchet wheel '24: a tooth space, the tone arm being preferably adjusted so ast o be capable of the final oi its outward movement after its pin 7 has been moved outwardly away from the fork branch 9 to remove the influence oithe tone arm upon the stopping and starting mechanism in the extreme outer movementof the tone arm. It will be observed that though, upon the inward manual record measuring andstarting movement of the tone arm, the bell crank 10 is moved in a counter-clockwise direction to an extent that corresponds with the length of the record being measured, the clockwise movements of the bell crank, occurring during the "full outward adjustments of the tone arm, always bring this bell crank lever to the same location which is illustrated in Fig. 1. Each time the ratchet part The gravity dog 18, hitherto referredto,

is lifted by the cam portion. 29lupo'1ithe bell crank 30 when this bell crank 30zi s' turned clockwise by some long ratchet tooth 25 duringthe movement of the ratchetwheel LIL due to the engagement. between thepawl 19 and some short tooth 25 that occur-son the outward manual movement of the t'onearm that follows the inward -m'anual record measuring and starting movement of T the" tone arm. Although this dog is'then withdrawn, the brake is prevented; from being PP y the Q ga-Igementofith Cam PM tion acting as a s p, with the. lever 1.4,

' the cam or stop 29 then replacing the gravity aegis in the function of maintaining the brake released and the motor switch closed I j Y 32, the mechanism be ng so constructed that duringthe outward movement of the tone arm that follows its record starting and measuring movement and until the record has been concluded orthe stylus has reached approxim'ately the position to which it was H moved on the record starting and measuring movement of the tone arm. a Y

crank 10,,determines the positionof the bell I dogengages either, the notch 32 or the notch .33 that is deeper crank 30. This holding toward the axis of the bell crank than the notch 32; lVhenthe cam portion 29 holds the brake lever- 14 in released position the dog is in the notch 33; When the record. I v

gage 'th dog 31.W1th the otch 32 and to has been concluded, the dog 31 is shifted by the bellcrank 10 so as to be engageable with.

the notch) 32 that permits the spring 34.

v which couples dog 31 andbell .crank30, to

movethis bell cranky counter-clocl'rwise to th aw, cam portion 29 fro fth b ak level 1410 P mit the spring 17 ..t. fmove.

l la'ndjope'n the motor switch 16. The dog l Ihasa camjportion 34 on the-other side of its pivot that is'engaged by an arm 35upon the bell Qranl'glO that operatesthrough this arm to adjust dog as above setjfo'rth, This arm is adj ustably carried upon the bell crank 10, preferably by means of the fric tion' coupling illustrated in Fig. '10., This: frictioncoupling includes a headed sleeve 36, a spring washer 37 and a bolt 38 iii threaded connection with'fthe sleeve and clamping the parts together as "illustrated:

so thatthe arm 35 will stay in the position to which it is adjusted. As will appear, the

position ofthe arm 35 With'respect tothe bell crank is adjusted uponthe inward manual record measuring" movement of the the record.

- X h t-arin will opera te updfi I .th cam 34 of the do to turn dog.

counter-clockwise to stop the phonograph as I ,set' forth, when the record is concluded.

On the inward manual record measuring movement of the tone arm the member-35 ing movement of the tone arm, whereby the member 35 'is' adjustable correspondingly to I lVhen the tone arm is moved inwardly by the record, the member 35 comes intoengagement with the arm 34 of the dog 2 while the dog 31 is in the deeper notch so that the member 35 engages the dog'arin 34 shortly before the member 35 reachesthe position to which it wasbrought when the tone arm wasmanually moved inward in I measuring the. record. This engagement of the member 35 with the dog arm 34 removes thedog'31 from the deeper notch 33 to'posi-' tion' this dog to engage the shallower notch the tone arm will continue its inward movement during the time the'dog 31 is shifted fromengagement with the notch 33' into on gagement with the notch 32 member 35 together with thebalance ofth'e g V i *bellf crank structure 10 having this member The holding dog 31, coaxial with bell has itsmovement stopped when the member whereby the 35 reaches the orlglnal position intowhich it was 'adjusted'upon the manual j inward record measuring movement of thetone arm; a

When theiho'lding dog 31 is firstjmoved into position to be'engaged with the notch 32 the spring" '34" moves the bell crank '30 in a counter-clockwise direction sufiiciently to enclear the cam portion 29 of the bell crank 30 from engagement with, the brake lever 14 to enable the brake spring 17 --to turn thebrake lever .14 to applyth e brake pad 15 tothe turn table, and'openfthe motor switch 1 6,{1ever '14jbeing brought beneath.

inwardly continued beyond therccord for-' mations in the grooves a few turns and the stylus is, in therecord measuring operation, preferably placed at theinnermost turn of the continuation of the record} grooves so that the complete playing of arecord is a's-- sured before the brake. is applied. The arm or member 35, frictionally coupled with the "balance of the bell crankstructure 10', is.

automatically adjusted to be within a mini- 'mumdlstance of the dogarm 34 each time the'tone arm is swung outwardly following dog18 to hold it up preparatory tothe ensuing record measurement f I I Inf-practice the record grooves are'usually '1 the playing of a record and at which time thelbel'l"crank30 has its notched portion inengagement with the dog 31 to hold the record whereby accurate adjustment of the member 35 to the shortest record as well as records of other lengths is assured. The end of the long arm of the bell crank is now placed in the circle of movement of the arm or member so that as the tone arm is moved outwardly and the bell crank 10 is consequently moved clockwise, the arm 35 will be arrested in its movement before the bell crank 10 has been brought to its definite position by the complete outward movement of the tone arm. The arm 35 is, consequently, accurately positioned a predetermined distance from the dog arm Meach I time a new record is to be played irrespective of thelength of the new record. I

It will be observed that each time the tone arm is in the fin al portion of its manually effected outward movement, the ratchet wheel 24 is moved one tooth space. Previously itwas set forth that a long toot-h 25 I matically by operated the bell crank-3O when the pawl engaged a short tooth 2-6, this being during the time that the tone arm is swung outwardly preparatory to releasing the brake. When the tone arm: is moved inwardly autothe record, the pawl ispositioned to engage a long tooth and when the tone arm is moved outwardly following the laying of a record the long tooth is actuated by the pawl to turn the ratchet tooth one space for the purpose of positioning a new long tooth 25 astep towardthe short arm of the bell crank 30 preparatory to the time when the brake is to be released. Duringthis movement, however, a short tooth is passed by the short arm of the bell crank 30 butthis tooth, being short, escapes engage ment with the bell crank so that when the tone arm is moved outwardly after a record has been played the brake will not then be releasecbthe releasing of the brake occurrlng during the initial part of the record measuring movement of the tone arm.

Further to guard against the improper engagement of the pawl 19 with the ratchet wheel 24, I provide a guard 22 upon a forked member that is pivoted upon the upper shoulder of the bolt 27. A slot 22 in the member 22 receives a pin 22* pro vided upon the bell crank 31 whereby this bell crank may so position the guard 22 in the different positions otthe bell crank to supplement the functioning of the guide 22.

To prevent the bell crank 10 from being moved too far 1n the direction in which it is to be moved by the inwardly moving tone arm, the dog 31 carries a stop 36 that engages the bell crank 10 for the purpose stated, this stop being so positioned that it will permit a range of movement of. the bell crank 10 that is slightly greater than the longest record that is apt to be played.

I desirably also provide a lug 37 on the long arm of the bell crank 30 engageable by the finger 38 upon the bell cranklO in order positively to define that position of the bell crank 30 that permits the do g 31 to engage the notch 33 in the latter bell crank.

While I have herein shown and particularly described the preferred embodiment of my invention I do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction shown as changes may readily be made without de- -parting from the spirit of my invention, but

having thus described my invention I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent I the following I 1. A phonograph including a disc record supporting turn table; a tone arm structure mounted to swing over the turn table and carrying a sou'nd'box that is provided with a record groove engaging stylus; automatic means for stopping the turn table; and mechanism governed by the tone arm for rendering said means operative and inoperative and set by the tone arm upon inward manual movement of the tone arm to record concluding position, to make said means operative when the record being played subsequently returns the tone arm approximately to this position.

2. A phonograph including a disc record supporting turn table; a tone arm structure mounted' to swing over the turn table and carrying a sound box that is provided with a record groove engaging stylus; automatic means for stopping the turn table; and

mechanism governed by the tone arm for rendering said means operative and inoperative and having parts which co-operate to permit of the operation of said turn table stopping means and whose relative positions vary with the positions to which the tone arm is inwardly moved manually to operate when the tone arm. is subsequently brought approximately to such a position by the rec- 7 0rd being played.

3. A phonograph including a disc record supporting turn table; a tone arm structure mounted to swing over the turn table and carrying a sound box that is provided with a record groove engagingstylus; automatic means for stopping the turn table; and mechanism governed by the tone arm for rendering said means operative and inoperative and adjusted upon inward movement of the tone arm to record concluding position to make'said means operative and operated by the tone arm when moved manually inward to render saidturn table stoppin means inoperative to permit operation of the turn table.

i. A phonograph including a disc record supporting turntable; a tone arm structure mounted to swing over the turn table and carrying a sound box that is provided with a record groove engagingstylus; automatic means for stopping the turn table; and

mechanism governed by the tone arm for rendering said means operative and inoperative and having parts which co-operate to permit of the operation of said turn table stopping means and whose relative positions vary with the positions to which the tone arm is inwardly moved manually to operate when the tone arm is subsequently brought approximately to such a position by the record being played, saidmechanim also including parts operating'upon said automatic means to permit the operation of the turn carrying a sound box that is provided with a record groove engaging stylus; automatic means for stopping the turn table; and

mechanism governed by the tone arm for rendering said means operative and inoperative and having parts which co-operate topermit of the operation of said turn table stopping means and whose relative positions vary with the positions to which the tonearm is inwardly moved manually to operate when the tone arm is subsequently brought approximately to such a position by the record being played, said mechanism also including parts operating upon said automatic means to permitthe operation of the turn table and which parts are operated by the tone arm on the initial part of its manually efi'ected inward movement, said mechanism including parts which prevent said turn table stopping means from becoming operative upon the outward movement of the tone arm that follows said inward manual movement thereof.

6. A phonograph including a disc record supporting turn table; a tone arm structure mounted to swing over the turn table and carrying a sound box that is provided with a record groove engaging stylus; automatic means for stopping the turn table; and

mechanism governe mechanism governed by the tone arm for rendering said means operative and inoperative and set by the tone arm upon inward.

manual movement of the tone arm to record concluding position, to make said means operative when the record being played subsequently returns the tone arm approximately to this position, and made inoperative by the tone arm when moving in the initial part of its inward manually effect-ed movement.

7. A phongraph including a disc record,

supporting turn table; a tone arm structure mounted to swing over the turntable and carrying a sound box that is provided with a record groove engaging stylus; automatic means for stopping the turn table; and mechanism governed by the tone arm for rendering said means operative and inoperative and set by the tone arm upon inward manual movement of the tone arm. to record concluding position, to make said means 0perative when-the record being played subsequently returns the tone arm approximately to this position, and made inoperative by the tone arm when moving in the initial part of its inward manually efl'ected adjusting movement, said mechanism including parts which prevent said turn table stopping means from becoming operative upon the outward movement of the tone arm following its inner manually effected movement. 18. A phonograph including a disc record supporting turn table;.a tone arm structure 'mounted to swing over the :turn table and carrying a sound box that is provided with a record groove engaging stylus; automatic means for stoppin the turn table; and

d by the tone arm for rendering said means operative and inoperative and set by the tone arm upon inward manual movement of the tone arm to record concluding position, to make said means op erative when the record being played subsequently returns the tone arm approximately to this position, and made inoperative by the tone arm when manually moved.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 27th day of November A; 1)., 1920.

JOHN F. BERGANDER. 

